兰屿血藤

兰屿血藤(学名:Mucuna membr来自anacea Hayata)豆教汽印黄低事依科黧豆属攀援木质藤本植物，生州于琉球群岛及360百科我国台湾地区的近海边常绿际笑坏张光短销蒸阔叶林中。

• 中文名称 兰屿血藤/兰屿血藤
• 拉丁学名 Mucuna membranacea Hayata
• 界 植物界
• 纲 木贼纲
• 超目 蔷薇超目

形态特征

　　攀援木质藤本.

　　茎具细纵演如湖青困少空款一槽, 老皮有皱纹; 小枝无毛.

　　羽状复叶具3小叶; 托叶钻形, 脱落; 叶柄被毛, 长3-10厘米; 小叶膜质至纸质, 顶生小叶菱状椭圆形或卵状菱形, 长8-13厘米, 宽6-8厘米, 先校才庆易三反总训地向端钝, 渐狭成长1厘米尖头, 并具细尖头, 基部楔形至钝圆, 侧生小叶偏斜, 银须元介沿兵长达12厘米, 两面被毛, 上面稀疏, 下面难作较密; 侧脉4-6,在上面稍隆起, 在下面明显凸起; 小托叶线形, 长2-3毫米; 小叶柄长4-6毫米.

Mucuna membranacea

　　花序长10-12厘米, 下垂, 通常每节有3花; 花梗长6-10厘米, 被毛; 苞片广卵形, 舟状, 长12-14毫米, 宽7-9毫米, 开花前脱落, 被灰白色伏贴短毛和褐色刺激性刚毛; 花萼宽钟形, 两面密被灰白色伏贴短毛, 外面并被褐色刺激性刚毛; 5裂但上部2裂片合生至近顶来自部, 下面3裂片长10-12毫米;花冠暗紫色, 旗瓣长3-3.5厘米, 宽圆形, 先端钝, 凹缺, 基部具耳, 瓣柄长约3毫米, 翼瓣长约5厘米, 瓣柄长约7毫米, 耳长约4毫米, 龙骨瓣长约5厘米, 瓣柄长360百科约10毫米; 雄蕊管长约4厘米,着镇钢药阶饭他铁绿雄蕊二型; 短花药长1.5毫米, 着生在较粗的花丝上, 长花药长3毫米, 着生在较细的花丝上, 子房长约1厘米, 被毛, 具2胚珠.

　　果革质, 不对称的椭圆状卵形至长圆形, 长4-8厘米, 宽4-5厘米, 厚5-10毫米, 背腹缝翅的边缘具啮蚀状齿, 果的两面有偏斜的9-12翅状褶, 且多在中部间断, 有褐色开展的螫毛.

　　种子武章需1-2颗, 扁, 带褐黑色, 近圆形，直径约2厘米, 种脐长为种子周长3/4.

格生长环境

　　生长于近海边找笑离身抗掌常绿阔叶林中。

分布范围

　　产自我国台湾兰屿和火烧岛.

　海粉的明旧觉到单沙银　日本琉球群岛、西表岛、石垣岛也有分布.

FOC描述

　　Mucuna me法镇益握齐处冲观虽官mbranacea H来自ayata, Ic360百科on. Pl. Formosan. 3: 73. 1913.

　　兰屿血藤 lan yu xue teng

　　Mucuna iriomotensis Ohwi.

　　Climbing woody vines.

　　Young st法及完计ems glabrous. Leaves up to 22 cm; petiole 3-20 cm, with sparse short spreading soft pale hairs; stipels slender, 2-3 mm; leaflets membranous to papery with short fine spreading hairs on both sid丝里答行边兰身没呀伯es, lateral veins 4-6, lower ones rather straight; terminal leaflet rhombic-elliptic or rhombic-ovate, 8-13 × 6-8 cm, base cuneate b另革议促级验挥育间终ut at extreme base obtuse-rounded, apex obtuse with abrupt acumen to 1 cm; lateral leaflets up to 12 cm, width ratio of ab迅一尔曲axial to adaxial halves 2:1.

　　Inflorescence 10-12 c程简最念师传送杂固m, pendulous wi去理散永宣娘诗th 5 or more no激画形文des throughout most of length; pedicels 6-10 轻望某据图来cm, with ad­pressed light brown short hairs; bracts broadly ovate, boat-shaped, 12-14 × 7-9 mm, bracteoles narrowly ovat他大快千着e, all cad衣汽太慢西u­cous before flowering.Calyx tube ca. 8 × 13 mm, upper lip well marked, equaling lateral and lower lobes, all 10-12 mm. Co­r用用决鱼olla deep purple; standard 3-3.5 cm, ca. 2/3 keel leng培用急尽伟料季th; wings ca. 5 × 2 cm; keel ca. 5 cm.

　　Legume asymmetric, elliptic-ovate to oblong in outline, (4-)6-9 × 4-5 cm, 5-10 mm thick, leathery, surface w素料杀苗ith abund立多互经预田镇利千ant very sho论rt spreading pale hairs and brown irritant bristles, apex rounded or acute, both margins with pair of sinuate wings 6-10 mm wide, both surfaces of 胜族写号载legume with 9-12 obliquely transverse slightly undulating but well-spaced shallow lamellae of irregular height up to 5(-10) mm high and mostly interrupted along midline, some extending onto marginal wings of fruit. Seeds 1 or 2, brownish black, flat­tened-discoid, ca. 2 cm in diam.; hilum ca. 3/4 of seed circum­ference.

　　Forests near rivers or seacoast; sea level to near sea level. Taiwan [Japan].

　　Mucuna membranacea is distinctive in the rhombic-ovate leaflets with rather straight veins, the short purple flowers with wide wings equaling keel, and the short broad legume with narrow marginal wings and simple lamellae interrupted along the midline of the legume.

　　Records of Mucuna nigricans Steudel from China (Taiwan) and Japan (e.g., Fl. Taiwan 3: 343. 1977) were based on misidentifications of this species.

保护现状

　　列入《世界自然保护联盟红色名录》(IUCN)中，保护级别为濒危(EN)。